Graphene is an allotrope of carbon, whose structure is a one-atom-thick planar sheet of sp2-bonded carbon atoms that are densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice. The C-C bond length in graphene is about 0.142. Graphene differs from most conventional three-dimensional materials. Intrinsic graphene is a semi-metal or zero-gap semiconductor. Experimental results from transport measurements show that graphene has a remarkably high electron mobility at room temperature, with reported values in excess of 15,000 cm2V-1s-1. Graphene‘s unique electronic properties lead to an unexpectedly high opacity for an atomic monolayer: it absorbs pa ˜ 2.3% of white light (where a is the fine-structure constant). Graphenes on atomically flat substrates (e.g. on mica) can be accurately characterized and employed for various promissing experiments.
A standard sample represents a mica disk of ca. 1 cm in diameter with graphene(s) on its surface; the disk is mounted in a plastik holder. The sample is optically transparent and can be observed both in a reflected and transmitted light. Each sample is accomplished with a set of images which will help to easily locate the graphene sheet on a substrate.
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